ILLUSION😀

Hello how are you all, I am present again among you all with a new topic. This topic is related to ILLUSIONS. Introducing to this topic, I will show you a magic👽 that we see in our everyday life. So let's start now.😋

Introduction to Illusion?

Illusions have been a fascinating topic for most people. A lot of scientific studies have taken place on perception and it dates back to the very beginning of the nineteenth century. It was during this phase that scientists got engrossed in understanding perception. Therefore since then there has been enduring interest and illusions have been used as tools in the study of perception. A lot of theories have been formulated ever since for explaining what illusions are.

Illusions are generally misleading perceptions of any visual image. A person who sees something contradicting to what others see is termed to have illusion .This consists of seeing shapes, lengths and directions in a wrong way. Let us now try and understand illusions with its types and also discuss about the role of subliminal perception in this module.

What Is Illusion?

An illusion refers to unique perceptual experiences in which information is received from the “real” external stimuli. This information further leads to an incorrect perception or a false impression, leading to stimulation from the objects or events. It is a constant error in visual perception. Therefore it is a wrong or false perception. An illusion is an experience that seems to originate with an external source of stimulation. Hallucination, on the other hand, is perception of objects not present at all.

are the circles are rounding?

No😃 our mind is totally confused.

Let's know causes of ILLUSION

1. Similarity- it indicates that two objects that appear to be equal in size and shape may be subject to higher degree of illusion. For instance, a long leaf as a lizard on the floor.

2. Expectancy- it refers to the phenomena that when we are expecting something then everything seems to be fall similar to the expectant object. For example, while waiting for an empty autorickshaw, all autos at a distant appear to be empty.

3. Subjective Factor- Sometimes our habits and familiarity towards objects can cause illusion. For example cross two fingers of your hand, try and feel a marble with the crossed fingers you may see to feel one marble as separated into two.

Types of Illusions

As discussed earlier also illusion is a distortion of a sensory perception. Illusions are subjective in nature, as individual differences may persist which leads them to experience illusion differently. Human senses can be deceived by illusions, but visual illusions are the most well known among them. There are several different kinds of illusions. Here are some really interesting types of illusion.

1. Ponzo Illusion-

The ponzo Illusion is a geometrical-optical illusion that was first demonstrated by the Italian psychologist MORIO PONZO in 1911.He showed this by drawing tow identical lines across a pair of converging lines, similar to railway tracks. The upper line looks longer because we interpret the converging sides according to linear perspective as parallel lines receding into distance. In this context, we interpret upper line as though it were farther away, so we see it as longer- a farther object would have to be longer than a nearer one for both to produce retinal images of the same size.

See this magic😄

2. Zollner's Illusion-

The second type of illusion is the Zollner’s illusion. The zollner illusion is an optical illusion named after its discoverer, German astrophysicist Johann Karl Friedrich Zollner in 1860.

It states the influence of figure ground relationship in interpretation of the image by the brain. The abstract background of the figure tends to create uneasiness if eye conatct is increased.

Magic😄

3. Muller-Lyer Illusion-

It was first discovered in 1889 by F.C. Müller-Lyer. The perceptual error has then been gaining prominence and has been well investigated by various theorists.

In the image above, you could see lines parallel to each other but which line appears the longest? The response for majority of the people is the line with outwards arrow is longer than the line with inward arrow. But in reality, both the lines are equal. It is just the type of arrow that creates the illusion and hence, arrow with outward face is perceived longer than the inward face. An explanation to the phenomena was provided by R.H. Day. He proposed that error occur due to the difference between the length of the lined the length of the figure. The length of the entire figure increases as a result of outward fins in comparison to entire length of the figure with inward fins, having the length of the line as same.

Conclusion-

After reading the above article we can conclude that an illusion is a distortion of the senses, which can reveal hoe the mind normally organizes and interprets sensory stimulations.

Illusion may occur with any of the human senses, but visual illusions are the best known and understood.

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