Schizophrenia

Hello how are you all, I am present again among  you all with a new topic. This topic is related to a mental disorder(psychological disorder) The SCHIZOPHRENIA . Introducing to this topic, here I will tell you how people suffers with schizophrenia, what are the symptoms of it? & what is its treatment. So let's start now.😋

Schizophrenia

Of all the psychological disorder, schizophrenia is one of the most severe psychopathology. It is a chronic psychiatric disorder. Schizophrenia was first carefully described by KRAPELIN, he used the term dementia praecox to refer to a group of symptoms which is known as schizophrenia. People with this disorder experience distortions of reality, often in form of delusions or hallucinations.

            Although exact estimates are difficult to obtain, schizophrenia effects has less than one percent of the population schizophrenia can occur in men and women of all ages. Men often develop symptoms in there late tees or early 20s. Women tend to show signs in there late 20s and early 30s. 

 

Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Because schizophrenia is a terrible mental illness, whether we are suffering from it, so let's know its symptoms.

                Symptoms of schizophrenia may include the following-

Early Symptoms- Symptoms if this disorder commonly show up in teenage years and early 20s. At these ages, the earliest signs may get overlooked because they mirror certain "typical" adolescent behavior.

Early symptoms can include-

• Isolating oneself from friends and family.
• Changing friends or social groups.
• A change in focus and concentration.
• Sleep problem
• Anxiety
• Odd ideas
• Felling different from others.

When it comes to more advanced symptoms, these tend to fall into three distinct categories- 1) Positive Symptoms. 2) Negative Symptoms. 3) Disorganized (Cognitive) Symptoms.

Positive Symptoms- Positive symptoms of schizophrenia are not typical in individual without schizophrenia or other types of severe mental illness, the behavior includes-

• Hallucinations- Hallucinations are experiences that appears real but created by our our mind. They include seeing things, having voices, or smelling things that others around you don't experience.
  
  
  
• Delusions- A delusions occurs when you believe something despite evidence or facts to contrary.
  
  
  

Paranoia- Pranoia is when someone is unusually distrustful of others, or firmly believes they are being followed.

Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia interrupt a person's typical emotions, behaviors and abilities. 

These symptoms include- 

• Reduction in speaking.
• Odd emotional responses to situations.
• A lack of emotion or expressions.
• Loss of interest or excitement for life.
• Social isolation.
• Trouble experiencing pleasure.
• Difficulty completing normal everyday activity. 

Cognitive (Disorganized) Symptoms-

Sometimes refers to as "cognitive" symptoms, these symptoms are labeled as such because they illustrate that someone is having trouble with certain cognitive or mental functions.

They include-

• Disorganized thinking or speech, such as when a person changes topic rapidly when speaking or used made-up word or phrases.
• Forgetfulness
• Disorganized thinking, such as trouble focusing or paying attention.
• Problems learning information and using it.

Schizophrenia causes-

The exact cause of schizophrenia is unknown medical researches believes several factors can contribute.

They are-

• Biological
• Genetical
• Environmental

Schizophrenia complications-

Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness that should not be ignore or left untreated. The illness increases the risk of serious complications.

such as-

• Self injury or suicide
• Anxiety
• Phobias
• Depression
• Alcohol or drug use
• Family problems

Schizophrenia treatment-

There are no cure for schizophrenia. Current treatments focus managing are reducing the severity of symptoms.

Medications- Anti-psychotic medication is the most common treatment for schizophrenia.

Medications can help manage-

• Hallucination
• Delusions

Psychological Intervention-

Another treatment option for schizophrenia is psychological intervention. This includes individual therapy to help you cope with stress and your illness.

Vocational Rehabilitation

Family Support and education 

Schizophrenia Diagnosis and Test

There isn't a single test to diagnosis you will need to see a psychiatrist or mental health professional.

At your appointment, expect to answer question about your.

• Medical History
• Mental Health
• Family Medical History

Your doctor may conduct the following,

• A physical exam
• Blood Work
• Imaging Tests, Including MRI or CT Scan

Sometimes, there can be other reasons for your symptoms, even though they may be similar to those of schizophrenia. These reason may include

• Substance Use
• Certain Medications
• Other Mental Illness

Your doctor may diagnosis schizophrenia if you've had at least two symptoms for a one Month period. These symptoms must include-

• Hallucinations
• Delusions 
• Disorganized speech

Conclusion 

        It is now firmly established that schizophrenia is caused by an abnormality of brain function that in most cases has its origin in early brain insults, inherited vulnerabilities, or both. But the identification of the causal agents and the specific neural substrates responsible for schizophrenia must await the findings of future research. There is reason to be optimistic about future research progress. New technologies are available for examining brain structure and function. In addition, dramatic advances in neuroscience have expanded our understanding of the brain and the impact of brain abnormalities on behavior. We are likely to witness great strides in our understanding of the causes of all mental illnesses within the coming decades.

It is hoped that advances will also be made in the treatment of schizophrenia. New drugs are being developed at a rapid pace, and more effective medications are likely to result. At the same time, advocacy efforts on the part of patients and their families have resulted in improvements in services. But a further expansion of services is greatly needed to provide patients with the structured living situations and work environments they need to make the transition into independent community living.